State Variable Analysis of Dynamic systems, State Equations, SISO and MIMO Systems. State Model of Physical Systems: Signal flow graphs, Relation between Transfer function and State equation. Time Response: State Transition Matrix, Time response. State variable Feedback: Stability, Controllability and Observability of system. Digital Control Systems: Overview of Z transforms, Stability Analysis in z-plane, Performance Calculation, Root locus, Response Characteristics. State Space model: Discrete equations, State model, Performance computation, Stability analysis. Nonlinear Control Systems: Nonlinear System Behaviors. Continuous and Discontinuous Nonlinearities: Saturation, Dead zone, Absolute Value Detector, Ideal and Practical Relays, Quantization, Hyterisis, Backlash and Friction. Linearization: SISO and MIMO (State Space) Linearised model. Describing Functions-Principle and Methods. Phase Plane Analysis: Principle and Methods. Stability: Lyapunov Direct method, Lyapunov Functions and Applications.